منابع مشابه
Diagnosis and ideal types: a contribution to psychiatric classification.
Most recent discussions of classification and diagnosis in psychiatry ignore the underlying methodologic and philosophic issues. The authors directly address these issues by redefining a classical approach that was already employed in psychiatry by Karl Jaspers in his General Psychopathology, This conceptual approach, termed .'ideal types," was first developed by the sociologist Max Weber. Many...
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Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity and $mathbb{A}(R)$ be the set of ideals of $R$ with non-zero annihilators. In this paper, we first introduce and investigate the principal ideal subgraph of the annihilating-ideal graph of $R$, denoted by $mathbb{AG}_P(R)$. It is a (undirected) graph with vertices $mathbb{A}_P(R)=mathbb{A}(R)cap mathbb{P}(R)setminus {(0)}$, where $mathbb{P}(R)$ is...
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Let R be a commutative integral domain with quotient field K and let P be a nonzero strongly prime ideal of R. We give several characterizations of such ideals. It is shown that (P : P) is a valuation domain with the unique maximal ideal P. We also study when P^{&minus1} is a ring. In fact, it is proved that P^{&minus1} = (P : P) if and only if P is not invertible. Furthermore, if P is invertib...
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To rank Decision Making Units (DMU) in Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), the peer-evaluation based cross-efficiency method is generally used. Indeed, in this method, each DMU is evaluated from the view point of other DMUs. In this article, a method is suggested which instead examines each DMU just by using the weights resulting from the evaluation of ideal and anti-ideal virtual DMUs and thus ex...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: BMJ
سال: 2005
ISSN: 0959-8138,1468-5833
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.330.7489.464